Environmental and Climate Proxies Embedded in Coral Skeletons

Chapter Title
Environmental and Climate Proxies Embedded in Coral Skeletons
Title
Coral Reefs of the Western Pacific Ocean in a Changing Anthropocene
Part Of Series
Coral Reefs of the World
Author(s)
Hong, Gi Hoon; Kim, Suk Hyun; Baskaran, Mark
Alternative Author(s)
김석현
Publisher
Springer
Abstract
Scleractinian (hard layered) corals live for several centuries or longer in the tropical surface waters that comprise about half of the total surface area of the world’s oceans. Coral reefs in the tropical surface waters are the largest biologically produced natural features over the Earth’s surface. About 20% of modern carbonate accumulation takes place in coral reefs. The relatively thick annual growth bands of coral skeleton (usually around 10 mm a year) have provided a wealth of information on the climate and environmental changes that occurred in the past. These environmental archives are becoming essential to forecast the future climate and environmental changes in their local habitats in the tropical regions including the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool region that plays a significant role in the world ocean and atmospheric circulation, hence in the entire globe. Deep-sea scleractinian corals often living more than a millennium have been found in most oceans, and these slow-growing corals (a few micron meters a year) have also been found to faithfully record climate and environmental changes that occurred in the ocean. This chapter introduces the status of the scientific investigation on a coral skeleton climate and environmental proxies to the audience who are interested in coral reef with respect to climate and environmental change. It will briefly cover the biomineralization process, methods of sampling coral cores and subsequent cleaning for further chemical analysis, skeleton age determinations, and the utilities of selected chemical elements and selected isotope proxies (Li, B, C, N, O, F, Na, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Mo, Cd, I, Ba, REEs, Nd, Pb, U, Pu). This chapter is largely dealt with surface-dwelling tropical corals, but it also includes some proxy studies on deep corals.
Table Of Contents
1 Introduction and Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
R. John Morrison, Jing Zhang, Gi Hoon Hong, and Thamasak Yeemin
2 Anthropogenic Environmental Impacts on Coral Reefs in the Western and
South-Western Pacific Ocean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
R. John Morrison and W. G. L. Aalbersberg
3 Advances in Coral Biology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Thamasak Yeemin, Vo Si Tuan, and Suharsono
4 Reef Ecology in the Western Pacific for Adaptation to Global Change . . . . . . . 55
Makamas Sutthacheep, Thamasak Yeemin, and Porfirio M. Aliño
5 Biogeochemical Dynamics of Coral Reef Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Jing Zhang, Yi Xu, Hui Huang, Xiu Bao Li, Wei Zheng, and Dao Ru Wang
6 Environmental and Climate Proxies Embedded in Coral Skeletons . . . . . . . . . 135
Gi Hoon Hong, Suk Hyun Kim, and Mark Baskaran
7 Synthesis and Future Perspectives on the Coral Reefs in the Western Pacific
Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Jing Zhang, Gi Hoon Hong, R. John Morrison, and Thamasak Yeemin
Postscript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
ISSN
2213-719
URI
https://sciwatch.kiost.ac.kr/handle/2020.kiost/43470
DOI
10.1007/978-3-030-97189-2_6
Bibliographic Citation
Coral Reefs of the World, Springer, pp.135 - 178, 2022
Subject
Coral skeleton, Chemical element and isotope compositions, Climate and environmental proxies/tracers, Dating
Type
Book Chapter
Language
ENG
Total Pages
197
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