Bile Acids from a Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus Penicillium sp. 108YD020

Abstract

Bile acids are principal ingredients of bile synthesized in the liver of vertebrates such as mammals and fish, and secreted into the duodenum to play an important role in lipid metabolism. They include cholic acid (CA), chenocholic acid (CCA), deoxycholic acid (DCA) and their conjugates with glycine and taurine, which contribute to bile formation. A variety of bile acids have a steroid skeleton and carboxylic side chain. In addition, bile acids have been reported that they are different in the number and substituted position of the hydroxyl group and side chain length. The strain 108YD020 was isolated as various bile acid-producing microorganism from a marine sponge collected at Wangdolcho, East sea, Korea and identified as Penicillium sp. We obtained six bile acid derivatives and their structures were determined by the analysis of 1D, 2D NMR and LC-MS data, along with chemical methods and literature data analysis. This is the first report on the bile acids from marine fungi.A), deoxycholic acid (DCA) and their conjugates with glycine and taurine, which contribute to bile formation. A variety of bile acids have a steroid skeleton and carboxylic side chain. In addition, bile acids have been reported that they are different in the number and substituted position of the hydroxyl group and side chain length. The strain 108YD020 was isolated as various bile acid-producing microorganism from a marine sponge collected at Wangdolcho, East sea, Korea and identified as Penicillium sp. We obtained six bile acid derivatives and their structures were determined by the analysis of 1D, 2D NMR and LC-MS data, along with chemical methods and literature data analysis. This is the first report on the bile acids from marine fungi.