In this article, a range-frequency interference pattern is analyzed in the propagation of broadband sound source in shallow water. The interference pattern is examined using image processing techniques to produce the distribution of waveguide invariant β. The variability of the β-distribution on 4 typical sediment types and geoacoustic parameters (sediment Sound speed, density, attenuation and thickness) are examined and characterized by moments of the distributions such as skewness and kurtosis.