Progress of a Marine Environmental Information System (MEIS) using Scientific data on Land&#8211 Sea Interaction in the Nakdong River Estuary, South Korea

Abstract

The Nakdong River in South Korea is a length of nearly 520 km with a drainage basin of around 26,000 km2 and is subject to natural erosion, sedimentation and various potential sources of human development, due to a number of anthropogenic factors, including relative water diversion, reservoir construction, and large river-estuary engineering. The Noksan floodgate, built in April 1934, blocks the flow of the West Nakdong River, and the Nakdon River Estuary Bank was completed in November 1987 to regulate flow from the Nakdong River. This study developed a marine environmental information system (MEIS) to understand the land&#8211 sea interaction and provide scientific data on the characteristics of the brackish water zone around the barrier islands. Beginning in May 2015, the MEIS was run in real time (1&#8211 10 second intervals) and periodic marine observations (1&#8211 4 times a year). The real-time data are largely obtained from closed circuit television (CCTV) and automatic weather stations (AWS) using 4th generation long-term evolution (4G LTE) communication at two stations in the Doyodeung barrier islands. To avoid discontinued measurement in real time, repairs caused by malfunction of equipments, quarterly preventive maintenances and daily monitoring of measured data were systematized. The scientific data include periodic observations of sediment distributions (N = 90), the characteristics of suspended sedimentactors, including relative water diversion, reservoir construction, and large river-estuary engineering. The Noksan floodgate, built in April 1934, blocks the flow of the West Nakdong River, and the Nakdon River Estuary Bank was completed in November 1987 to regulate flow from the Nakdong River. This study developed a marine environmental information system (MEIS) to understand the land&#8211 sea interaction and provide scientific data on the characteristics of the brackish water zone around the barrier islands. Beginning in May 2015, the MEIS was run in real time (1&#8211 10 second intervals) and periodic marine observations (1&#8211 4 times a year). The real-time data are largely obtained from closed circuit television (CCTV) and automatic weather stations (AWS) using 4th generation long-term evolution (4G LTE) communication at two stations in the Doyodeung barrier islands. To avoid discontinued measurement in real time, repairs caused by malfunction of equipments, quarterly preventive maintenances and daily monitoring of measured data were systematized. The scientific data include periodic observations of sediment distributions (N = 90), the characteristics of suspended sediment