Microbial diversity responding to changes in depositional conditions during the last glacial and interglacial period: NE ulleung basin, east sea (sea of Japan) SCIE SCOPUS

Cited 2 time in WEB OF SCIENCE Cited 2 time in Scopus
Title
Microbial diversity responding to changes in depositional conditions during the last glacial and interglacial period: NE ulleung basin, east sea (sea of Japan)
Author(s)
Lee, Kee Hwan; Kim, Chang Hwan; Park, Chan Hong; Yang, Kiho; Lee, Sang Hoon; Lee, In Soo; Kwack, You Jin; Kwak, Jae Woo; Jung, Jaewoo; Kim, Jinwook
KIOST Author(s)
Kim, Chang Hwan(김창환)Park, Chan Hong(박찬홍)Lee, Sang Hoon(이상훈)Jung, Jaewoo(정재우)
Alternative Author(s)
김창환; 박찬홍; 이상훈; 정재우
Publication Year
2020-03
Abstract
Microbial interaction with minerals are significantly linked with depositional conditions during glacial and interglacial periods, providing a unique redox condition in the sedimentary process. Abiotic geophysical and geochemical properties, including sedimentary facies, magnetic susceptibility, grain size, clay mineralogy, and distribution of elemental compositions in the sediments, have been widely used to understand paleo-depositional environments. In this study, microbial abundance and diversity in the core sediments (6.7 m long) from the northeastern slope of Dokdo Island were adapted to characterize the conventionally defined sedimentary depositional units and conditions in light of microbial habitats. The units of interglacial (Unit 1, <11.5 ka) and late glacial (Unit 2, 11.5–14.5 ka) periods in contrast to the glacial period (Unit 3, >14.5 ka) were distinctively identified in the core, showing a sharp boundary marked by the laminated Mn-carbonate (CaM) mud between bioturbated (Unit 1 and 2) and laminated mud (Unit 3). Based on the marker beds and the occurrence of sedimentary facies, core sediments were divided into three units, Unit 1 (<11.5 ka, interglacial), Unit 2 (11.5–14.5 ka, late glacial), and Unit 3 (>14.5 ka, glacial), in descending order. The sedimentation rate (0.073 cm/year), which was three times higher than the average value for the East Sea (Sea of Japan) was measured in the late glacial period (Unit 2), indicating the settlement of suspended sediments from volcanic clay in the East Sea (Sea of Japan), including Doldo Island. The Fe and Mg-rich smectite groups in Unit 2 can be transported from volcanic sediments, such as from the volcanic island in the East Sea or the east side of Korea, while the significant appearance of the Al-rich smectite group in Unit 1 was likely transported from East China by the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC). The appearance of CaM indicates a redox condition in the sedimentary process because the formation of CaM is associated with an oxidation of Mn2+ forming Mn-oxide in the ocean, and a subsequent reduction of Mn-oxide occurred, likely due to Mn-reducing bacteria resulting in the local supersaturation of Mn2+ and the precipitation of CaM. The low sea level (−120 m) in the glacial period (Unit 3) may restrict water circulation, causing anoxic conditions compared to the late glacial period (Unit 2), inducing favorable redox conditions for the formation of CaM in the boundary of the two units. Indeed, Planctomycetaceae, including anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) bacteria capable of oxidizing ammonium coupled with Mn-reduction, was identified in the CaM layer by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Furthermore, the appearance of aerobic bacteria, such as Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Methylophaga, tightly coupled with the abundance of phytoplankton was significantly identified in Unit 1, suggesting open marine condition in the interglacial period. Bacterial species for each unit displayed a unique grouping in the phylogenetic tree, indicating the different paleo-depositional environments favorable for the microbial habitats during the glacial and interglacial periods. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
ISSN
2075-163X
URI
https://sciwatch.kiost.ac.kr/handle/2020.kiost/38721
DOI
10.3390/min10030208
Bibliographic Citation
Minerals, v.10, no.3, 2020
Publisher
MDPI AG
Keywords
Marker bed; Microbial diversity; Mn-carbonate; Paleo-depositional conditions; Sea level change
Type
Article
Language
English
Document Type
Article
Files in This Item:
There are no files associated with this item.

qrcode

Items in ScienceWatch@KIOST are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.

Browse