한국 서해 조간대 퇴적환경 모니터링을 위한 원격탐사 자료의 활용

Abstract

The west coast of the Korean Peninsula is famous for its large tidal range (up to 9 m) and vast tidal flats. Sedimentation and/or erosion on the Korean tidal flats are significant due to the high tidal energy. Land reclamation, which has occurred on a large scale, has also accelerated environmental changes in the tidal flat. Remote sensing has the potential to provide synoptic information of intertidal environments. To monitor sedimentary environments of tidal flat, it is necessary (i) to measure both amount of sedimentation or erosion and sediment facies involved; (ii) to discriminate the distribution of surface sediments; (iii) to understand characteristics of channels according to the dominant sediment flat; (iv) to detect habitual characteristics of microphytobenthos. This study aims at 1) generating intertidal digital elevation model(DEM) using waterline method from Landsat TM/ETM+; 2) quantitatively estimating morphologic change by manmade construction; 3) understanding discrimination of the surface sedimentary facies; 4) comprehending characteristics(length, shape and density) of channels using high-resolution satellite data such as IKONOS; 5) detecting microphytobenthos using linear spectral unmixing(LSU) in the tidal flats; 6) to ultimately evaluate the morphologic change with respect to sedimentary facies. The morphologic change is dependent upon the sedimentary facie. The changes in sand or mixed flats are greater by at least three times than the changes in the mud flats. Fine grained upper tidal flat is generally considered as a rich habitat for algal mat. We also identified unusual microphytobenthos that inhabited coarse grained lower tidal flats.Although we are not able to evaluate the accuracy of the morphologic changes estimate, the resulting trend of sedimentation or erosion complied with the general rule of sedimentology. The results demonstrate that satellite remote sensing is an efficient and effective tool for a long term morphologic change es