Oxidative Stress of Nickel on the Embryonic Development of Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius) and Screening of Differentially Expressed Genes Using DD-PCR

Abstract

Levels of trace metals in seawater ecosystems are altered as a consequence of natural and industrial activities and it can be lead to genotoxicity for marine organisms. Nickel is known for genotoxic agent on the embryonic malformation of the various marine organisms. It is seemmingly important that understanding of how nickel exerts their toxicity and another effect at a molecular and a genomic level. In the preliminary experiments we found that malformation of embryo in the pluteus stage was induced by 72hpf of nickel exposure. In addition, differential display polymerase chain reaction (DD-PCR) technique has been usefully used to hunt the clones which expressions are up-regulated or down-regulated by exterior changes and this study aimed to search for those clones in nickel exposure sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius) using DD-PCR.