미토콘드리아 유전체 진화에 따른 진정홍조류 종다양성

Abstract

Red algae are an ancient lineage as a member of supergroup Plantae that play a role in the evolutionary history of eukaryotic diversity. The Florideophyceae (ca. 6100 spp.) is the most common macro algae that cover 95% of the red algal diversity from the both marine and freshwater habitats, consisting five subclasses: Ahnfeltiophycidae, Corallinophycidae, Hidenbrandiophycidae, Nemaliophycidae, and Rhodymeniophy-cidae. Several mitochondrial genomes were reported only from few economically important species, such as Chondrus and Porphyra. Here, we have characterized couple of mitochondrial genomes from a representative of each four florideophycean subclasses, i.e. Ahnfeltia plicata, Gelidium elegans, Hildenbrandia rubra, Palmaria palmata, and conducted comparative analysis to understand major evolutionary transition. The best phylogeny based on mitochondrial genomes support 34 times of gene rearrangements including 12 events between Bangiophyceae and Hildenbrandiophycidae, and 5 events between Hildenbrandiophycidae and Nemalio-phycidae. Independent lineage specific gene losses were found in protein coding genes in florideophycean red algae. Only three introns are found in rrl, cox1 and trnI genes that show progressive rrl- and cox1-intron loss, whereas trnI-intron gain in the Florideophyceae. Intronic-ORFs shows ORF-duplication and pseudogenization by point mutation and deletion.rsity from the both marine and freshwater habitats, consisting five subclasses: Ahnfeltiophycidae, Corallinophycidae, Hidenbrandiophycidae, Nemaliophycidae, and Rhodymeniophy-cidae. Several mitochondrial genomes were reported only from few economically important species, such as Chondrus and Porphyra. Here, we have characterized couple of mitochondrial genomes from a representative of each four florideophycean subclasses, i.e. Ahnfeltia plicata, Gelidium elegans, Hildenbrandia rubra, Palmaria palmata, and conducted comparative analysis to understand major evolutionary transition. The best phylogeny based on mitochondrial genomes support 34 times of gene rearrangements including 12 events between Bangiophyceae and Hildenbrandiophycidae, and 5 events between Hildenbrandiophycidae and Nemalio-phycidae. Independent lineage specific gene losses were found in protein coding genes in florideophycean red algae. Only three introns are found in rrl, cox1 and trnI genes that show progressive rrl- and cox1-intron loss, whereas trnI-intron gain in the Florideophyceae. Intronic-ORFs shows ORF-duplication and pseudogenization by point mutation and deletion.