환경유전체를 이용한 authigenic carbonate crust의 기능 유전자 및 미생물 다양성 연구

Abstract

The formation of authigenic carbonate crust (ACC) and its burial in marine sediments accounts for around 80% of the total carbon removed from the Earth’s surface. Biologically, authigenic carbonate (from the bicarbonate ion, HCO3-) is mainly produced through organic matter oxidation, such as sulfate reduction and anaerobic methane oxidation (AOM). We have analyzed Taxonomical and functional analysis of authigenic carbonate sediment by combining 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing and metagenomic approach in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea. The archaeal 16S rRNA amplicon analysis showed that the anaerobic methanotrophs (ANME) was dominated in ACC sediment, accounting for half of the archaeal proportion with following order: ANME-1 (25.0%), ANME-2a/b (18.8%) and ANME-2c (6.0%). In bacterial diversity, δ-, γ-, and ε-proteobacteria were dominated accounting for 30%, 23%, and 15%, in ACC sediment, respectively. Quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) analysis showed that ANME-1 (1.75×107±6.80×105 copies/gwet) and ANME-2c (1.08×107±1.94×105 copies/gwet) were detected in ACC sediment. From metagenomic sequences of 3.6 G bp (13 million reads with average sequence length of 278 bp) of ACC sediment, we have found that sequencing reads related with Methanosarcinales and Vibrionales were overrepresented accounting for 9.1% and 7.6% of total reads, respectively. The assembly of single reads from ACC metagenome dataset resultedly produced through organic matter oxidation, such as sulfate reduction and anaerobic methane oxidation (AOM). We have analyzed Taxonomical and functional analysis of authigenic carbonate sediment by combining 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing and metagenomic approach in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea. The archaeal 16S rRNA amplicon analysis showed that the anaerobic methanotrophs (ANME) was dominated in ACC sediment, accounting for half of the archaeal proportion with following order: ANME-1 (25.0%), ANME-2a/b (18.8%) and ANME-2c (6.0%). In bacterial diversity, δ-, γ-, and ε-proteobacteria were dominated accounting for 30%, 23%, and 15%, in ACC sediment, respectively. Quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) analysis showed that ANME-1 (1.75×107±6.80×105 copies/gwet) and ANME-2c (1.08×107±1.94×105 copies/gwet) were detected in ACC sediment. From metagenomic sequences of 3.6 G bp (13 million reads with average sequence length of 278 bp) of ACC sediment, we have found that sequencing reads related with Methanosarcinales and Vibrionales were overrepresented accounting for 9.1% and 7.6% of total reads, respectively. The assembly of single reads from ACC metagenome dataset resulted