Comparison of anti-inflammatory activity of spirulina maxima extract by ultrasonication and water extraction process

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the anti-inflammatory activities of Spirulina maxima treated with ultrasonication and water extraction process. S. maxima extracted via ultrasonication showed low cytotoxicity (16.90%) in a normal human cell line, CCD-986sk. Especially, S. maxima ultrasonication extract showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activities (46.82%) compared to water extract (31.30%) at 100°C. In addition, ultrasonication extract showed a high amount of flavonoids (21.60 mg/g) and total phenols (8.36 μg/mL). Nitric oxide production by 1.0 mg/mL of S. maxima ultrasonication extract strongly inhibited (1.3770 μM), whereas water extract showed lower inhibition (1.5784 μM). TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines were effectively inhibited by 1.0 mg/mL of S. maxima ultrasonication extract, which shows strong antioxidant activities. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the ultrasonication process increase anti-inflammatory activity of S. maxima extract. © 2014, J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr. All rights reserved.