사모아 연안 생태계의 가치와 관리

Abstract

Coastal Ecosystem Value and Management1. Types and importance of coastal ecosystems - The ocean is an important source of oxygen, water and food for the survival of mankind2. Destruction of ecosystem by coastal disaster - Disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a society, causing widespread human, property or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using only its own resources.3. Effect of marine ecological destruction - Half of coastal wetlands lost to agriculture and urban development - Over one-third of mangrove forests lost since 1980 to agriculture, development, and aquaculture shrimp farms - About 10% of world’s beaches eroding because of coastal development and rising sea level - Ocean bottom habitats degraded by dredging and trawler fishing boats - Over 25% of coral reefs severely damaged and 11% have been destroyed4. Integrated Coastal Zone Management - A continuous and dynamic process that unites government and the community, science and management, sectoral and public interests in preparing and implementing an integrated plan for the protection and development of coastal ecosystems5. Sea for Life - “the environmental status of marine waters where these provide ecologically diverse and dynamic oceans and seas which are clean, healthy and productive”r is a serious disruption of the functioning of a society, causing widespread human, property or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using only its own resources.3. Effect of marine ecological destruction - Half of coastal wetlands lost to agriculture and urban development - Over one-third of mangrove forests lost since 1980 to agriculture, development, and aquaculture shrimp farms - About 10% of world’s beaches eroding because of coastal development and rising sea level - Ocean bottom habitats degraded by dredging and trawler fishing boats - Over 25% of coral reefs severely damaged and 11% have been destroyed4. Integrated Coastal Zone Management - A continuous and dynamic process that unites government and the community, science and management, sectoral and public interests in preparing and implementing an integrated plan for the protection and development of coastal ecosystems5. Sea for Life - “the environmental status of marine waters where these provide ecologically diverse and dynamic oceans and seas which are clean, healthy and productive”