Acute toxicity of Iranian Heavy crude oil to the Rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) feeding disrupts the hepatodetoxification and immune systems

Abstract

Oil spilled into marine environments induces thehepatodetoxification system and disrupts immune function in fish (Reynaudand Deschaux, 2006). However, the mechanism of toxicity to theimmune system has not been fully investigated. Changes in the immunesystem may affect disease susceptibility in fish (Zelikoff, 1998). In thisstudy, we describe the effects of spilled crude oil from the “Hebei spirit”(Iranian Heavy Crude Oil in gelatine capsules) on juvenile rockfish. Effectson multiple hepatodetoxific enzymes (Cytochrome P4501A and GST) andon the immune responses including interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), granulocytecolony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and Cathepsin L (Cat. L) were measuredin liver, spleen and kidney. From 12 h after treatment, the oil-fed groups hadslightly higher concentrations of bile fluorescent metabolites and CYP1Aexpression than the control group in liver and spleen. Cat. L and G-CSFmRNA also increased significantly in the early stages of exposure (from 12hto 48h after exposure) but then decreased to the levels in the control group,or lower. Therefore, it is suggested that innate immune response of oil-fedfish induced sensitively at initial stage due to the IHCO exposure but severalimmune-related markers may decd disrupts immune function in fish (Reynaudand Deschaux, 2006). However, the mechanism of toxicity to theimmune system has not been fully investigated. Changes in the immunesystem may affect disease susceptibility in fish (Zelikoff, 1998). In thisstudy, we describe the effects of spilled crude oil from the “Hebei spirit”(Iranian Heavy Crude Oil in gelatine capsules) on juvenile rockfish. Effectson multiple hepatodetoxific enzymes (Cytochrome P4501A and GST) andon the immune responses including interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), granulocytecolony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and Cathepsin L (Cat. L) were measuredin liver, spleen and kidney. From 12 h after treatment, the oil-fed groups hadslightly higher concentrations of bile fluorescent metabolites and CYP1Aexpression than the control group in liver and spleen. Cat. L and G-CSFmRNA also increased significantly in the early stages of exposure (from 12hto 48h after exposure) but then decreased to the levels in the control group,or lower. Therefore, it is suggested that innate immune response of oil-fedfish induced sensitively at initial stage due to the IHCO exposure but severalimmune-related markers may dec