TOXIC EFFECT OF IRANIAN HEAVY CRUDE OIL ON THE BIOTRANSFORMATION AND INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSES IN ROCKFISH

Abstract

In 2007, The Hebei Spirit oil spill is one of the largest tanker spills in recent years. The released and residual crude oil exposed to coastal fish by many routes of exposure and could pass directly through the plasma membrane. It can be expected that the lethal and sublethal effects through the induction of metabolites and disruption of immune systems. To clarify the relation to the effects of spilled crude oil on fish bacterial disease resistance, combined exposure to Iranian Heavy Crude Oil (IHCO) and S. iniae were conducted. Hepatic biotransformation enzymes (EROD, GST) and plasma biochemical parameters (GOT, GPT, GLU) in fish exposed to IHCO were no significant difference than those of unexposed fish. But the level of biliary 1-OH-pyrene and CYP1A mRNA expression increased IHCO dose-dependently. The interferon stimulated gene 15, interleukin-1b and cathepsin L were increased significantly in the liver, but the granulocyte colonystimulating factor was not related to concentration of IHCO exposure. Percentage of mortality in fish from combined exposure to IHCO was showed positive correlation with concentration of IHCO exposure. Hence, we suggested that IHCO could be enhancing to fish mass mortality by environmental bacterial infection. Therefore, the potential immune disturbances in fish exposed to IHCO may allow affect the bacterial disease resistance.xpected that the lethal and sublethal effects through the induction of metabolites and disruption of immune systems. To clarify the relation to the effects of spilled crude oil on fish bacterial disease resistance, combined exposure to Iranian Heavy Crude Oil (IHCO) and S. iniae were conducted. Hepatic biotransformation enzymes (EROD, GST) and plasma biochemical parameters (GOT, GPT, GLU) in fish exposed to IHCO were no significant difference than those of unexposed fish. But the level of biliary 1-OH-pyrene and CYP1A mRNA expression increased IHCO dose-dependently. The interferon stimulated gene 15, interleukin-1b and cathepsin L were increased significantly in the liver, but the granulocyte colonystimulating factor was not related to concentration of IHCO exposure. Percentage of mortality in fish from combined exposure to IHCO was showed positive correlation with concentration of IHCO exposure. Hence, we suggested that IHCO could be enhancing to fish mass mortality by environmental bacterial infection. Therefore, the potential immune disturbances in fish exposed to IHCO may allow affect the bacterial disease resistance.