Microbial Diversity of Three Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent areas in Mid Indian Ocean Ridge

Abstract

Deep-sea hydrothermal vent is a fissure on the sea floor from which heated water by underlying magma. It forms an ecosystem for microbes and animals, such as tubeworms, giant clams, and blind shrimp that can withstand the hostile environment. The benthic organisms usually possess chemoautotrophic symbiotic microorganisms in the cavity. The symbiotic microorganisms synthesize organic carbons during oxidation of metal ions or sulfides. Hydrothermal systems in the Indian Ocean usually thought to be slow expanding system and still not extensively studied. KIOST (Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology) started hydrothermal vent expedition from 2017 with R/V ISABU. The aims of the study were 1) Discover new vent site from Indian Ocean, 2) Revealing microbial diversity and function, and 3) isolation of thermophilic or chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms for future application. Through 2018 Indian Ocean hydrothermal vent exploration, we obtained samples from the previously known as hydrothermal vent areas, Edmond and Solitaire, and from the newly discovered Invent D site (tentatively Yeongdo field). Microbial diversity near suspected hydrothermal vent area had been analyzed from above sites through the amplicon sequencing approach. The communities found in Edmond site were dominated by Thermodesulfovibrio and Campylonacterales order. In Solitaire site, Thiotricales and Campylonacterales order were abundant. The newlyt. The benthic organisms usually possess chemoautotrophic symbiotic microorganisms in the cavity. The symbiotic microorganisms synthesize organic carbons during oxidation of metal ions or sulfides. Hydrothermal systems in the Indian Ocean usually thought to be slow expanding system and still not extensively studied. KIOST (Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology) started hydrothermal vent expedition from 2017 with R/V ISABU. The aims of the study were 1) Discover new vent site from Indian Ocean, 2) Revealing microbial diversity and function, and 3) isolation of thermophilic or chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms for future application. Through 2018 Indian Ocean hydrothermal vent exploration, we obtained samples from the previously known as hydrothermal vent areas, Edmond and Solitaire, and from the newly discovered Invent D site (tentatively Yeongdo field). Microbial diversity near suspected hydrothermal vent area had been analyzed from above sites through the amplicon sequencing approach. The communities found in Edmond site were dominated by Thermodesulfovibrio and Campylonacterales order. In Solitaire site, Thiotricales and Campylonacterales order were abundant. The newly