Anti-liver cancer activity of saringosterol acetated isolated from Hizikia fusiforme in in vitro and in vivo zebrafish model

Abstract

Hizikia fusiforme has been found to possess a number of potential biological functionalities but just a few reports have revealed for the relationship between activities and compounds. The present study assessed the potent anti-cancer effects of saringosterol acetate, which is the first compound newly isolated from H. fusiforme towards the inhibitory effects on hepatocellular carcinoma in Hep3B cell. SSA markedly inhibited the cell growth of the cancer, attenuating the population of cells in sub-G1 through PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Further studies elaborate the therapeutic effects of SSA against diethylnitrosamin-stimulated cancer in zebrafish model. DEN exposure caused a marked increase in ROS production, cell death, and expression of TGFβ and MMP 2. However, the treatment with SSA significantly downregulated DEN-induced ROS, cell death, and TGFβ and MMP2 expressions. These results support the potential anticancer effects of SSA and highlight its potential applications related to nutraceuticals or functional food to reduce the carcinogenic effect.ts of saringosterol acetate, which is the first compound newly isolated from H. fusiforme towards the inhibitory effects on hepatocellular carcinoma in Hep3B cell. SSA markedly inhibited the cell growth of the cancer, attenuating the population of cells in sub-G1 through PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Further studies elaborate the therapeutic effects of SSA against diethylnitrosamin-stimulated cancer in zebrafish model. DEN exposure caused a marked increase in ROS production, cell death, and expression of TGFβ and MMP 2. However, the treatment with SSA significantly downregulated DEN-induced ROS, cell death, and TGFβ and MMP2 expressions. These results support the potential anticancer effects of SSA and highlight its potential applications related to nutraceuticals or functional food to reduce the carcinogenic effect.